The Discrimination Of African Americans - 1837 Words

A nation with an infinitely diverse population, such as America, contains many minorities, but being a minority in A country has set backs. Being a minority comes with stereotypes and prejudice; although the majority faces prejudice too, it may not be as prevalent as prejudice towards the minority. Equality in America is on the rise, but most minorities face problems that they faced years ago. African-Americans, Latinos, Asians, Native Americans, and Cajuns have struggled in different ways while residing in the United States of America. African-American people have made many strides in American culture. They faced equality issues, enslavement, yet the culture still deals with prejudice and discrimination. African-Americans were also†¦show more content†¦Although the wealth gap between blacks and whites is still unbelievably big, African-American’s income and employment rates are steadily on the rise (Desilver) . African-American’s tend to move up in their same social class or completely move out of it. Even though African-Americans face prejudice and discrimination, they are not the only minority group to experience these issues. The Latino population in the United States of America continues to rise at a steady rate, but the minority faces extreme discrimination, for example, there are many subcultures within the Latino culture, but one may call all Latinos in America Mexicans. The United States government even created the term â€Å"Hispanic† to provide a name for a diverse population from the Spanish speaking culture (Carteret). According to the United States Department of Justice â€Å"Hispanic† is a race, but the Bureau of Census does not recognize it as a race (Carteret). Latino is how Americans from Mexico, Puerto Rico, South America, the Dominican Republic, and Cuba identify themselves.. Although the largest population of Latinos in America is the Mexican population (64.9%), there are about nine other cultures that have a distinct population in America (Motel and Patten). Puerto Ricans and Cubans make up the second and third largest Hispanic population in America. Even though all three of these countries speak Spanish, each one has its own vocabulary and accents. Puerto Ricans pride their culture in music, whereas

Alexander Hamilton’s Electoral College and the Modern Free Essays

Alexander Hamilton’s Electoral College and the Modern Election Alexander Hamilton’s Electoral College and the Modern Election Colin Campbell Prof. R Hurl TA: Matthew Lesch Tutorial: Thursday, 4:00 PM, UC 67) U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander Hamilton’s Electoral College and the Modern or any similar topic only for you Order Now Government and Politics (POL 208 Y1Y) 1 November 2012 Alexander Hamilton’s Electoral College and the Modern Election When American’s leaders assembled in Philadelphia in 1787, they originally had the goal of solving issues that had arisen from the Articles of Confederation, which had governed the young nation since separating from Britain. Instead, they drafted a completely new document that established a more permanent and effective central government. With it, they established the office of President of the United States. Rather than being directly elected by the people or selected by the legislature – as described by Alexander Hamilton in the Federalist Papers – the head of state was to be elected by an independent institution that existed solely for the purpose of finding a man who was up to the job: a group that would become known as the Electoral College. However, as the political nature of the country evolved in an unanticipated and partisan way, the independence of this body became increasingly irrelevant, resulting in a system which fails to meet the standards of a true modern democracy. Although the Electoral College system has never substantially been reformed, it is now a mere formality which leads to the types of campaigns which it was designed to prevent. In The Federalist, Number 68, Hamilton argues that the president should be elected by individuals selected exclusively for that purpose, rather than by an existing body or by national popular vote. Hamilton, par. 8) Although never named as such in this or any other constitutional document, this would be the basis for the institution now known as the Electoral College. Rather than submitting the national leaders-in-waiting to the rigors of campaigning, which would lead to what amounts to a popularity contest, the Founding Fathers believed that â€Å"a small number of persons, selected by their fellow-citizens from the general mass, will be most likely to possess the information and discernment requisite to such complicated investigations. † (par. 3) Unlike the Congress, however, the Electoral College would never meet as a single body. Each state’s electors would convene in their respective capitals, then send notice to Washington of their votes. Hamilton believed that keeping the electors apart would reduce corruption by making it more difficult for any one political faction to manipulate the contenders, allowing them to focus exclusively on serving the interests of their state. (par. 4) Furthermore, selecting the president through this independent body would mean that he is accountable solely to the people and not to a legislative body which could depose of him if the two branches were not in agreement. His re-election would not be controlled by legislative enemies and allies. (par. 6) Each state would be granted as many electors has they had seats in the House of Representatives and the Senate combined, effectively compromising between the preferred plans of either all states having equal weight (as they do in the Senate) or distributing power based on population (as it is in the House). If no candidate were to receive a majority of the votes, the House would convene to select the President from the top five candidates. par. 7) Hamilton wished for the vice-president to be elected by the same body and through the same method, except that the Senate would select the winner for this office if no candidate won a majority. (par. 9) He notes that this is one of the few aspects of the new constitution that received little dissent, and the final system was ultimately very similar to the one he described. The vice-presidency was, until the passage of the twelfth amendment in 1804, awarded t o the second place-candidate. However, this inherently resulted in a rival with opposing political views being first in line to the presidency, and therefore the system was changed to allow the electors to vote for both positions separately. (Nardulli 23) Each state is free to determine how its electors are selected, and various models have been used in the past. At the time of enactment, however, several assumptions about the system were made that would quickly prove to be untrue. It was generally believed that electors would selected from individual districts in a manner similar to congressmen, would exercise personal judgement when voting. It was also believed that they would frequently endorse candidates from their home state, ultimately meaning that no candidate would win a majority and that Congress would determine the victors from a short list of candidates. (41) Some states appointed their electors legislatively rather than through election, meaning that voters did not cast a ballot for either the president or the Electoral College. The emergence of organized political parties by the third election in 1796 led to nationally coordinated campaigns that severely reduced the number of expected candidates, and thus the likelihood that no one would achieve a majority. 44) The results of the 2000 election between George Bush and Al Gore – in which Gore won the popular vote but narrowly lost the Electoral College after a controversial recount in Florida – highlight what is the largest criticism of the Electoral College: it is possible for a candidate to win the Presidency without winning the popular vote. Be cause less populous states have more electoral votes per capita than larger states, individual votes are disproportionately stronger. (Bennett 9) Detractors of the College claim that this is inherently undemocratic, as all votes should be considered equal in a true democracy. Final victors have only lost the popular vote on two other occasions (in 1876 and 1888), and there has therefore never been substantial support for re-examining the system until 2000. Although the disproportionate power of smaller states has been commonly criticized, it is in fact the winner-take-all method in which states pledge their electoral votes that is responsible for discrepancies with the popular vote. It is currently possible a candidate to win the presidency by only winning as little as eleven states. He could win by a single vote in each of these states, but lose by a significant margin in every other state, yet his electoral count would still indicate him as the majority winner. Five of the seven elections between 1964 and 1988 were won by significant margins in the Electoral College. On each occasion, the winning candidate took at least forty states while barely winning more than 60% of the popular vote. This was most pronounced in the 1984 race between Ronald Reagan and Walter Mondale. The latter received 40% of the popular vote, yet received the electoral votes from Minnesota and D. C. Furthermore, in 1968 (when some states were won by independent candidate George Wallace) Richard Nixon and Hubert Humphrey both won approximately 43% of the popular vote, yet Nixon won the election outright with 56% of the Electoral College. (Bennett 37-42) While none of these instances resulted in the popular vote being overruled, they do demonstrate that elections are not a matter of getting the most people to vote for you, but rather the importance of getting the most people in the right places. Analysts have suggested that his year’s race between President Obama and Governor Romney could produce a first for the Electoral College: a tie. Although unlikely, this cycle’s set of swing states, along with the states that each candidate is presumed to win, allows for a specific combination of votes wherein each candidate would receive 269 electoral votes. While the college has failed to produce a winner in the past, it has always been due to the presence of a third-part y candidate. It is also predicted that Republicans will retain control of the House, while the Democrats will continue to hold the Senate. Should the electoral votes come to a tie, these two chambers would be responsible for selecting the President and Vice-President, respectively. Assuming each party would support its nominee, the result would be a Romney-Biden government. (Hamby) Not since the twelfth amendment was passed have opponents been simultaneously elected to the lead the executive. While such a scenario is mathematically rare, it is absurd that a system of government would allow for such a possibility. Despite the counterintuitive relationship that the Electoral College has with the popular vote, there are some key benefits to keeping the system. It emphasizes the federal nature of the United States; that it is not just a monolithic country, but rather a federation of sovereign governments. Indeed, the fact this is found in the fact that each state is free to select their electors any way they choose (through legislative appointment, districts, or winner-take-all). Most states (the exceptions being Maine and Nebraska) use the winner-take-all model to maximize their influence. If they were to be allocating their electors proportionally in a close race, opposing electors would essentially cancel each other out. Nardulli 28) Furthermore, guaranteeing a certain amount of power to each region ensures that it’s power will not be reduced based on local factors such as bad weather. For example, even if New Jersey experiences very low voter turn-out because of Hurricane Sandy, those that do manage to get to the polls will still be able to exercise its fourteen electoral votes on behalf of the state. The real problems with the E lectoral College do not stem from the mathematic anomalies and misrepresentations, but rather because it serves a political culture that Alexander Hamilton had not envisioned. He explicitly states that it is meant to find the best man for the job, rather than subjecting the country to tumultuous elections. In modern times, however, electors are designated by their political parties, usually legally bound to vote for a particular candidate, and not even named on the ballot. It is no longer independent individuals who actually consider all possible candidates, but instead a mere rubber-stamp for the will of the electorate. Bennett 55) The Electoral College system envisioned by Alexander Hamilton was designed to be independent of the usual partisanship, with the principle goal of finding an individual who would best be suited as the country’s chief administrator and head of state. While it still has the arguable benefit of forcing candidates to pay attention to less populous states, its members are effectively bound to follow the will of their constituents and are therefore unable to fulfill the intended mandate of their position. Works Cited Bennett, Robert. Taming the Electoral College. Palo Alto CA: Stanford University Press, 2006. Hamby, Peter. â€Å"Electoral College Tie Possible in Obama-Romney Race. † CNN. com. Cable News Network, 30 July 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2012. http://www. cnn. com/2012/07/26/politics/electoral-college-tie/index. html Hamilton, Alexander. The Federalist Papers: Number 68. 1788. Retrieved 29 October 2012. http://avalon. law. yale. edu/18th_century/fed68. asp Nardulli, Peter. Popular Efficacy in the Democratic Era. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007. How to cite Alexander Hamilton’s Electoral College and the Modern, Essay examples

The Day They Burned the Books free essay sample

Rhys was involved in three different marriages and began writing after a near fatal abortion. She began to write some of her greatest pieces after moving in with English writer Ford Madox Ford who also convinced her to change her name to Jean Rhys. She died May 14, 1979 with a somewhat unhappy state of mind. English writer Ford Madox Ford was one of the first writers to discover Jean Rhys’s literary significance. He praised her for â€Å"singular instinct for form,† and also noticed that the fact that she was an outsider gave her a very unique viewpoint. Jean Rhys was always the underdog and most of her background showed through in her stories. Her contribution to English literature came from her childhood. She showed what she had been through growing up in the West Indies, and the things she had seen. She then portrayed these certain things through out several of her stories. We will write a custom essay sample on The Day They Burned the Books or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Her stories reflect outsiders who come back with a sense of dominance and independence. Regardless of the things she had seen and been through she still came out on top. Jean Rhys’s short story â€Å"The Day They Burned the Books,† is set in the Dominican Republic in the 1900’s just before the world war one. Economic times were very trying during this time and extremely hard on the people who lived there. The narrator seems to take the role of Jean Rhys as a young, naive child who is experiencing everything first hand. This story seems to reflect Rhys’s life very well. The different themes consisted of racism, unkindness of love, self-acceptance, and many more. Racism was a big theme that showed exactly how Rhys grew up. Self-Acceptance was also a major theme. Rhys was never accepted and was known as the outcast. She was criticized for the way she talked which is shown in her writing. She purposely adds in grammatical errors to show that the narrator was a young child. The story also shows an unhappy marriage and the hate that can form between two people. I believe that Rhys is simply showing an insight of her childhood and the things she had to see as a child growing up in the West Indies. After researching Jean Rhys’s I grew very fond of her and her writing. It takes a lot to be ridiculed as a child and made into an outcast, and to snap back from that and make something of yourself. Her whole life she was told she was always doing something wrong, she witnessed forms of racism that we today aren’t used too anymore. When teachers told her and her parents she couldn’t speak proper English she turned around and through it back in their face. I love the sense of power she brings in her writings. It’s her way of showing the world despite what everyone said she made it, and became a major part of literary history. The way she adds grammatical errors to her writing is her way of making a mockery of what her teachers told her. She was the outcast that made something of herself. In an interview she had shortly before her death she made the comment that if she could go back and choose whether to be happy or write, she would choose to be happy. It makes you wonder if the only reason she started to writing was to prove to everyone and herself that she was good enough. Either way I believe that Jean Rhys and her short stories are powerful and god enough.

Institutional Racism Essay Sample free essay sample

After reading the article on the Huffington Post titled Institutional Racism I see that this type of Racism is still running rampant in our American society. The article notes that â€Å"The old definition of institutional racism is merely put as racism that is done by wont. instead than one that is done by purpose. † ( Slayton. 2009. parity. 3 ) This signifier of Institutional Racism is found within our political system. watched daily by the manner that the rightist conservativists speak to and about our current president. Their manner and logic is Racist. but since nil is blatantly said that is racially forbidden. the issue slides right under the carpet ; nil is done about it. I wonder sometimes if the shoe were on the other pes and fortunes were wholly reversed. would the black party be disciplined? While reading this article I found another signifier of Institutional Racism. this is discussed and illustrated as an illustration by where a possible campaigner for a new place was being considered. We will write a custom essay sample on Institutional Racism Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The group felt that he was and extraordinary campaigner. he was intelligent. came from the East Coast. was a progressive. and shared many of the groups political positions. Those were the grounds that the group felt he would be a successful and possible campaigner. non to advert that this individual was precisely like the group. Even though this individual did non accept the offered place. the Institutional Racism is felt and really seeable. This is due to the fact that the lone ground this individual was considered was because he matched a peculiar cast. If the campaigner would hold had different positions or of a different race. he would non hold been considered. Another signifier of Institutional Racism that is discussed in the article touches on how African American occupation huntsmans are holding to alter their African names to something simpler and less black sounding. With the shriveling occupation economic system. and the sum of fewer occupations available. inkinesss are holding to guarantee that they need to make whatever possible to have as many call dorsums as possible. Unfortunately. this type of racism marks darker skinned appliers. The sad portion that I was stunned about was that this type of racial profiling was being non merely done by Caucasians. but by Hispanics and Asians every bit good. In decision. Institutional Racism is still alive and good within America. Unfortunately this sort of favoritism is largely non done deliberately. It is a signifier of Racism that occurs everyday. it is so elusive that it doesn’t fit any stereotypes. The colored consequences merely slide by as they have in the yesteryear. why no Bridgess have been burnt. no injury has been done. It looks as if the clip has come for all Minorities to stand up for themselves. and to non let this farce to merely skid by any longer. Mentions Slayton. R. ( 2009. December 09 ) . Institutional Racism. Huffington Post. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. huffingtonpost. com/robert-slayton/institutional-racism_b_384359. html Slayton. R. ( December 9. 2009. December 9. 2009 ) . Institutional Racism. Huffington Post. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. huffingtonpost. com/robert-slayton/institutional-racism_b_384359. hypertext markup language

dream sight essays

dream sight essays In the novel, The Once and Future King, by T.H. White, the main character Lancelot had a dream when he was young. The thing about his dream, however, was that his entire life was spread metaphorically throughout the dream. It wasn't exactly spelled out for the reader word for word, but it was given in symbols. Every problem he would face in life was foretold in the dream. Not mentioning that the problems he faced were also the same over and over again. Lancelot's dream was an analogy for his life, and everything that happened to him came from it. Within Lancelot's dream there were many good things foretold. In the beginning of the dream Lance went on the trip with his brother. This can be interpreted many ways, but in my view it means that in the early part of life he would have friends and family with him. Then in the dream Lance is set upon by some force. This is a way to show that Lance will eventually find someone who will actually pose a challenge to him, and give him an actual fair fight. The next part in the dream is the part where they "...clothed him in another array which was full of knots..." (317) This means that when Lance went crazy he finally came to his senses and realized what he had done wrong. So he wore a shirt made of hair as a penance. Also when Lance started out on his quest (within the dream) he was riding on a fancy horse then he had to ride on a donkey. This is means that lance's life isn't always good, but then his life isn't always bad either. When he saw the well in the dream he trie d to reach for the water it would sink away. This basically symbolizes the idea that he always tries to do good things and doesn't, but he really does do many great things. He just doesn't realize them for what they really are. Within Lancelot's dream there are many bad things foretold. In the beginning of his dream he leaves with his brother. However we never hear about the brother ...

Locating Historical U.S. Deeds Online

Locating Historical U.S. Deeds Online The Bureau of Land Managements General Land Office records are a great online resource for U.S. genealogists researching homestead records, bounty land grants, and other records for ancestors who purchased or received land in the thirty federal or public land states. In the eastern United States, many state archives have made available at least a portion of original grants and patents online. These online land records are all wonderful resources, however they generally only provide information on first owners or purchasers of the land. The bulk of American land records are found in the form of deeds, or private land/property transfers between individuals and corporations (non-governments). The vast majority of deeds in the United States are recorded and maintained by the county, parish (Louisiana), or district (Alaska). In the New England states of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Vermont, deeds are recorded at the town level. Due primarily to increased interest by title searchers for online access, as well as to help cut access/personnel costs in the future, many U.S. counties, especially in the eastern part of the country, have started putting their historical deed records online. The best place to begin your search for online historical deed records is the website of the Register of Deeds, or Clerk of Court, or whoever is in charge of recording deeds and other real estate records for your county/locality of interest. Salem, Massachusetts historic deed books 1-20 (1641-1709), for example, are available online from the Essex County Registry of Deeds. Thirty Pennsylvania counties have deeds available online (several going back to the time of county formation) through a system called Landex (fee for access). There are also other online sources for historical deed records, such as state archives and local historical societies. The Maryland State Archives is especially notable for its cooperative project to provide access to deeds and other land record instruments from across the state. Check out MDLandRec.net with searchable indexes and viewable volumes from Maryland counties dating back to the 1600s. The Georgia Virtual Vault, hosted by the Georgia State Archives, includes Chatham County, Georgia Deed Books 1785-1806. How to Find Historical Deeds Online Locate and browse the website of the local office in charge of recording property deeds. This might be the Register of Deeds, Recorder, Auditor, or County Clerk, depending on the particular locality. You can often locate these offices through a Google search ([county name] state deeds, or by going directly to the county government site and then drilling down to the appropriate department. If the county uses a third-party service to provide online access to historical deeds, they will generally include access information on the home page of the Register of Deeds. Explore FamilySearch. Search the user-supported FamilySearch Research Wiki for your locality of interest, preferably the government level at which deeds are recorded, to learn what deeds might be available and whether they may be available either online or on microfilm from FamilySearch. The FamilySearch Research Wiki often includes links to external resources with online records as well, and may include details on any poten tial loss of deed records due to fire, flood, etc. If FamilySearch has deed or other land records for your locality online, you can find this by browsing FamilySearch Historical Records. The Family History Library Catalog (browse this by location as well) includes information on any microfilmed deed records, and may link to the record set online at FamilySearch, if it has also been digitized. Investigate the holdings of state archives, local historical society and other historical repositories. In some areas, the state archives or other historical records repository hold either the originals or copies of older deed records, and some have placed these online. U.S. State Archives Online includes links to each U.S. State Archives website, along with information on digitized online records. Or try a Google search such as locality name historical deeds. Look for state-level finding aids. A Google search such as digital deeds [state name] or historical deeds [state name] may turn up helpful finding aids such as this collection on North Carolina Digital Records, which brings together information and links for each North Carolina county deeds office, including dates and coverage for available online digital deed records. Tips for Researching Historical Deeds Online Once you locate a deeds collection of interest, explore it thoroughly to be sure the actual records available match the stated description. County record offices are putting digitized deeds online so fast that the available online documents sometimes exceed the text description. For example, the online Document Retrieval System for Martin County, North Carolina, states that it includes Old Deed Books U (08/26/1866) thru XXXXX, however, if you manually enter the book and page numbers from the older books in the search box, you will find that the digitized deed books available online actually go back to 1774, the date of county formation. Understand what you are looking at before you give up. Researchers new to Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, research might move on after entering their ancestors name in the search box for Historical Deeds 1792–1857 and receiving no results. What they might not realize, however, is that this database, despite its misleading name, is a collection of documents recorded in deed books that described people who were involved in the slave trade in the early days of Allegheny County, and does not include all deeds recorded between 1792 and 1857. Take advantage of current property records, tax maps and plat maps. Edgecombe County, North Carolina, has their historical deed indexes online, but the actual deed books are available online only back to September 1973. However, in some cases the deeds of current property owners include information on previous owners going back several generations, including deed book and page references. This type of online research can be especially helpful when platting historical deeds or conducting other types of historical neighborhood reconstruction. The Edgecombe County GIS Maps database, for example, lets you select parcel locations on a map and view information on the neighbors, along with digital copies of the most recent deed record for that parcel.

How does the electronic medium require different tactics for effective Essay

How does the electronic medium require different tactics for effective marketing communications - Essay Example Electronic marketing establishes new avenues for junior businesses favouring them since only a modest budgeting is required to ensure that access to possible customers is made easier. Compared to any other form of marketing, e-marketing has a wider scope, enabling the marketers to interact with consumers in extensive range of manner. (Phelps et al., 2004) E-marketing offers an opportunity to provide quality and adequate information on a variety of services and products of a company or a business enterprise. Besides offering product and service information e-marketing elaborates on management, public relations, sales and customer care. Furthermore, e-marketing facilities exchange of information directly between customers and companies. This can be seen as two way communication system that enhances quality improvement through customer feedback and evaluation. E-marketing has an impressive degree of immediacy, it takes only a few minutes to express interest of purchase through simple step of clicking button to make an order or book a ticket. In other words electronic marketing is in operation all day the whole week and throughout year. There is little time difference between posting information about a product and consumers expressing interest of purchase (Phelps et al., 2004). Electronic marketing has proven to be effective and a good marketing strategy since many people has access to internet today than before. Electronic medium requires a number of tactics to enhance effective marketing communication (Martin, 2010). In order to realize the goal of electronic marketing which is having access to a larger number of customers in the shortest time possible as well as initiating difficult free business transactions, there are several tactics of marketing employed. Search engine marketing is one of the most frequently used electronic marketing. These search engines include

Assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Assignment 3 - Essay Example This article explains a very important skill which is needed in emergency treatments until another definitive airway is not established. The objectives of this article is to explain the functions of this mask briefly highlighting the important aspects in order to help an emergency medical technician to be able to use this skill. Important factors are discussed such as difficulty in BVM ventilation due to facial hair, lack of teeth, ages above 55 years, snoring history, and a BMI greater than 26. This article also explains the types and sizes of masks that are available. The most important objective of this article is to present a simple outline of the technique through which the mask can be used. This talks about the steps that have to be followed in order to successfully oxygenate and ventilate emergency patients. The competency in using this skill is through following the steps carefully and learning the important points which are mentioned in the article. The use of correct equipment which is an oxygen connector tubing, oxygen source, suction, NPA, and OPA; the patient must be positioned with towels under his head until his ear reaches the sterna notch; and then the technician must carry out the complete technique as mentioned. Competency will be achieved if the goals and objectives mentioned in the article are

Kraft and Cadbury Merger Essay Example for Free

Kraft and Cadbury Merger Essay What is the role of the government in this merger? What is the impact on the shareholders, what are their thoughts about it and is it a successful merger or not. Other than Kraft and Cadbury four aspects of doing business internationally has been discussed and their influence in an international business career. 1. 1 How and why Kraft identified Cadbury as a potential partner? On 19th January 2010 Kraft the American Giant, acquired Cadbury the most popular and one of the most selling brand in chocolates for . 5bn. The reason for Kraft to identify Cadbury as its potential partner and even after Cadbury rejected its first bid on 7th September 2009, and then came up with a higher bid, was that Kraft wanted to bring in the most loved British Chocolates to USA, because the chocolates that America produces are only loved by American’s and are not so loved around the world, while they targeted the British company because they make better chocolates plus they wanted to get into the British market and to get into the British market remaining into the food industry they could not identify a better option than acquiring Cadbury by merging these two companies one they capture the British market of dairy food plus they introduce their products into Britain and the Cadbury products into USA having the plus points of both cultures. Expected benefits Kraft is the second largest Food beverage company in the world, which produced revenue of 49. billion USD in the year 2010 (Kraftfoodscompany, (2011) and is operating in more than 150 counties worldwide and has an Employee number of around 100,000. Where as Cadbury on the other hand is the second largest Confectionary Company in the world, which produced revenue of 5. 38 billion USD in the year 2008 (Cadbury annual report, 2008) and has a very strong hold in Asia Pacific and Latin America and has an Employee number of around 70,000. When these two giants combine, one American Giant and other British Giant, they both can conquer the food industry if they both are managed well. In 2010 Kraft already made revenue increase of 0. 7 billion USD from 2008 to 2010 after the take over of Cadbury (CNN, 2011). Kraft and Cadbury can both work very well and can avail a lot of benefits from each other provided that both them work together, because Kraft has its own management too large in scale and Cadbury as well. 1. 3 Synergies for both companies involved? After the merger of Kraft and Cadbury, both companies are expected to have revenue synergies and have an increase of the net revenue of up to 5% or more. They are targeting the long-term output for it. Which as a result will increase the net revenue. The combined company (Kraft and Cadbury) is targeting to increase their per share cost in 2011 of approximately $0. 05 and on the basis of cash. These two companies combined can make a lot of revenue. Parliament publication, 2012) Other than that Cadbury has other channels of gaining revenue like gas filling stations, corner shops which are well being forced by Cadbury and on the other hand Kraft has a strong hold on supermarkets and groceries. As they are merged now the overall distribution will be higher for Kraft and Cadbury and their revenue will increase. Both of the companies has opposite markets that they have captured for Cadbury they have a large influence in Asia, Africa, Mexico and Turkey and for Kraft they have more influence in Brazil and China. By combining together they both can capture almost every market around the globe. The total value of the British chocolate confectionery sector amounts to approximately EUR 3. 9 billion. In the UK, the parties activities overlap only in the markets of tablets and pralines. Kraft is active in tablets and pralines mainly with its brands Milka, Toblerone and Terrys chocolate Orange, and Cadbury with its brands Dairy Milk, Roses and Green amp; Black. (http://ec. europa. eu/competition/mergers/cases/decisions/m5644_20100106_20212_en. pdf page 9 ) (Kraft Foods Official 2011 Report) 1. 4 The risks associated with the choice of acquisition as an approach to this particular ‘partnership’ The first and last risk which is associated with this particular partnership is of keeping their word. The official position of the Fairtrade Foundation is the following: The Fairtrade Foundation is very proud of our relationship with Cadbury, and what we have achieved together, including the conversion of Cadbury Dairy Milk to Fairtrade in the UK and Ireland in 2009, now being extended to three other international markets Canada, Australia and New Zealand. This has had a tremendously positive public response, and is delivering major benefits to cocoa farmers in Ghana, quadrupling the amount they are able to sell on Fairtrade terms in 2010, compared to 2008. The Fairtrade Foundation and Cadbury have a shared vision for the future, and there are contractual commitments in place, which will form part of any intellectual property transfer between Cadbury and Kraft in any takeover. We believe that the progress we have made together in strengthening cocoa farmers to deliver long term sustainability of the cocoa supply chain, along with a fast growing level of consumer demand for Fairtrade products, not just in the UK but globally, present a unique and compelling case for continuing to pursue the Cadbury commitment to their Cocoa Partnership and to Fairtrade, and taking it even further in coming months and years. Treehugger, 2012) According to the Official Statement, they will perform Fairtrade for both the companies and Kraft confirmed that it would uphold Cadbury’s commitments to Fairtrade which were that: †¢ Dairy Milk will continue to be Fairtrade in the UK and Northern Ireland and in three more markets, Canada, Australia and New Zealand by early 2010; †¢ Green amp; Black’s (which is owned by Cadbury) will move its entire range to Fairtrade by the end of 2011. (http://www. publications. parliament. uk/pa/cm200910/cmselect/cmbis/234/234. df ) But no one is quiet happy with the outcome of the merger. Because Kraft did not really act upon what they stated to do before the merger, expression of the former first Minister of Scotland Jack McConnell asked Kraft in the Scottish Parliament to Honour the Fairtrade Part of the deal, he said There have been concerns expressed for many years that Kraft has never shown any enthusiasm for fair trade and therefore this must be under threat as a result of the takeover. (Treehugger, 2012). Warren Buffett isnt too keen now either. Discussing the CEO of Kraft, he said She thinks this is a good deal, I think its a bad deal. Mind you, he is probably not worrying about the fairtrade aspect. Cadburys 6,000 UK workers are also worried, because it is a hi risk for the workers to now work at Cadbury under the American Management which has already influenced the Cadbury management. 1. 5 Feasible alternative? The most feasible alternative to Kraft for Cadbury was Hershey Chocolates, which is also an American Chocolate brand. In 2009 before the hostile takeover of Cadbury by Kraft, Cadbury talked to Hershey personal to include themselves in the bid so they can recommend Hershey over Kraft to its shareholders and are taken over by Hershey, but unfortunately Hershey did not want to be the part of the bidding war over Cadbury with Kraft because Hershey is its self weighing up. Even for Kraft Hershey was a good alternative over Cadbury because both are American Companies and would understand eachother easily rather than taking over a company is a completely different region, Ferrero maker of Rocher chocolate and Nutella is also a very good alternative for Cadbury but at the time of bid according to Trevor Datson the spokesperson for Cadbury said the company had no comment. No one at Ferrero was immediately available for comment. Involvement of National and corporate cultures Neither is the Nation nor the Corporate section is happy with the merger of the both companies, because for public there is a fear of cutting off more than 6000 jobs is Britian and more than 46,000 globally so people working at Cadbury are really afraid to work at it and other than employees the Corporate personal are also in fear of that the world leading brands like Dairy Milk, Flake and Wipsa are at risk with this merger and the shareholder are also not very happy with the $11. 5 bn deal. Critical Evaluation of both the companies about this Partnership Both of the companies had their own management and their own way of doing business around the world. As Kraft is majorly dairy products maker and is being loved by that around the world. Where as Cadbury is also a very well known name in the chocolate industry, because a lot of people in United Kingdom and at other major parts of the world such as Asia and Africa Cadbury is really loved for chocolate. As through the analysis this is a very hostile takeover i. e. , between Kraft and Cadbury, after taking over Cadbury Kraft accepted some of the points that they will do and keep is at it is and after that takeover they did not manage to fulfill those commitments which lead to misunderstanding between these two companies after their merger. As Kraft agreed that they will stick to Faretrade organization and to keep the same cocoa supplier as Cadbury had before and before the merger Cadbury was to close one of their plants but after merger Kraft did not do so and now they are facing these problems which are not very good in the long run for both of the companies. Involvement Of the Government In this hostile takeover not just the employees and shareholders but also the government, had and also has issues with this mergers. With the merger of Kraft Foods and Cadbury a number of important issues have bin highlighted in the way through which the foreign takeovers of UK companies are conducted.

Analysis of Two settings in Shakespeare’s Macbeth Essay -- The Tragedy

An analysis of two settings in Shakespeare’s Macbeth. By using the heath and castles as contrasting settings in Macbeth, William Shakespeare reinforces and reflects various themes present throughout the play. Through the combined use of these settings, he contrasts notions of security and danger, fairness and foulness, and the natural and supernatural. Although the heath is a meeting place for evil and is represented as a grim location through a number of methods, the heath itself is safe. Contrarily, the castles that Macbeth inhabits, both Inverness and Dunsinane, are repeatedly described as safe, secure, and welcoming. These castles, however, are far more dangerous than the heath, acting more as traps than shelter. The notions of fairness and foulness are also reversed at the heath and the castles in the play. The witches at the heath are relatively benign and only deliver prophecies of truth to Macbeth, while conceptions of fairness are repeatedly distorted to the point of foulness at the castles he inhabits. Finally, while it is certainly true that the witches represent the supernatural world, the supernatural deeds which occur at the heath are far more subtle when compared to the unnatural events which take place in the castles. By examining the plot developments which transpire in their respective settings, one can conclude that Shakespeare intentionally contrasts the settings of the play with the deeds that happen there, creating a strong separation from appearance and reality throughout the play. First, the concepts of security and danger are constantly in question when referring to the settings of the heath and the castle. As Hecate proclaims to the witches, â€Å"security / Is mortals’ chiefest enemy† (Mac. ... ...med to his table. By examining the use of setting in Macbeth, one can infer that the castles in the play are the setting for much more horrid deeds than the heath. Although the heath is represented as a dark, scary place inhabited by creatures of the supernatural, no character is ever killed, or even injured there. The heath is safer than Macbeth’s castles, which are the scenes of multiple murders. Far more foulness evidently occurs at Macbeth’s homes, despite their pleasant appearance. This interesting contradiction resonates in the witches’ proclamation â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† (Mac. 1.1.11), suggesting the duality of the settings in the play. The setting which appears most foul, the heath, is actually a relatively harmless place, while the castles, despite their fair appearance and inhabitants, are the scene of the supernatural, foulness and danger. Analysis of Two settings in Shakespeare’s Macbeth Essay -- The Tragedy An analysis of two settings in Shakespeare’s Macbeth. By using the heath and castles as contrasting settings in Macbeth, William Shakespeare reinforces and reflects various themes present throughout the play. Through the combined use of these settings, he contrasts notions of security and danger, fairness and foulness, and the natural and supernatural. Although the heath is a meeting place for evil and is represented as a grim location through a number of methods, the heath itself is safe. Contrarily, the castles that Macbeth inhabits, both Inverness and Dunsinane, are repeatedly described as safe, secure, and welcoming. These castles, however, are far more dangerous than the heath, acting more as traps than shelter. The notions of fairness and foulness are also reversed at the heath and the castles in the play. The witches at the heath are relatively benign and only deliver prophecies of truth to Macbeth, while conceptions of fairness are repeatedly distorted to the point of foulness at the castles he inhabits. Finally, while it is certainly true that the witches represent the supernatural world, the supernatural deeds which occur at the heath are far more subtle when compared to the unnatural events which take place in the castles. By examining the plot developments which transpire in their respective settings, one can conclude that Shakespeare intentionally contrasts the settings of the play with the deeds that happen there, creating a strong separation from appearance and reality throughout the play. First, the concepts of security and danger are constantly in question when referring to the settings of the heath and the castle. As Hecate proclaims to the witches, â€Å"security / Is mortals’ chiefest enemy† (Mac. ... ...med to his table. By examining the use of setting in Macbeth, one can infer that the castles in the play are the setting for much more horrid deeds than the heath. Although the heath is represented as a dark, scary place inhabited by creatures of the supernatural, no character is ever killed, or even injured there. The heath is safer than Macbeth’s castles, which are the scenes of multiple murders. Far more foulness evidently occurs at Macbeth’s homes, despite their pleasant appearance. This interesting contradiction resonates in the witches’ proclamation â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† (Mac. 1.1.11), suggesting the duality of the settings in the play. The setting which appears most foul, the heath, is actually a relatively harmless place, while the castles, despite their fair appearance and inhabitants, are the scene of the supernatural, foulness and danger.

Religion Universality

Introduction: Universality or Universalism is a life philosophy not a religion. Universality is grounded on science and tries to fill in the missing spiritual blanks. Universality is about connecting with something bigger outside yourself purely on your own terms as opposed to being told what to believe as in a religion. It’s also about leading a good life and doing good to others because you know it’s the right thing to do not because someone is telling you to. There are many people that find a purely scientific view to be too empty. All religions on the other hand, have great spiritual insight but with many unfounded beliefs thrown in. These beliefs are either the product of the primitive thinking of ancient peoples or attempts to simplify or window-dress the message to attract common people. The goal of Universality is not to replace science and religion but to complement them. Universality is completely dependent on good science. Universality is for those who are let down with their religion or spiritually stymied with their religion. It is also for those of a scientific bent that feel something fundamentally missing from their lives. Universalism, in its primary sense, refers to religious, theological, and philosophical concepts with universal application or applicability. Religion in this context is defined as a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the conduct of human affairs. The path that leads to peace will be, no doubt, long and arduous, but we cannot even begin the journey until we pass through the gate. Above the gate is the required universal affirmation: â€Å"†On the path that leads to peace we are all members of one human family, brothers and sisters one of another†Ã¢â‚¬ .. The need for a universal religion: Religion, is a matter of inner conviction and an outer way of life is a mere consequence of it. People, as long as they are humans ,have a right to differ from one another in their convictions and are bound to have different ways of life. Religion is a means to end the soul searching desire to seek freedom from mundane activities. There are numerous religions in the world that have differences because they are all the outcome of different traditions and backgrounds. Yet , religion has become, somehow the reason for a variety of conflicts, mass killings, huge protests and sometimes even fruitless wars resulting in bloodshed. The importance of the ‘Universal Religion’ system lies in the fact that it is a moral principle that needs no imposing or instruction. People need not sacrifice or renounce their religion†¦ rather follow a basic set of rules in their day-to-day life which will help them run their lives smoothly. This concept needs no preaching.. for, it is based on the HUMAN BEING.. and the inner sense-conscience. The sixth sense-rational mind helps us distinguish the right from wrong. Yet we find many, killing their own conscience for brutal reasons. It is when such activities take place .. the need for a new way of life, a new well-constructed path, arises. DISADVANTAGES OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM: As we all know, the present system of religion has created many a division among people ,though science and technology are rapidly growing. Some of the major disadvantages of the existing system are listed below. ?Religions don’t match upto feelings. ?Beliefs don’t match reality. ?Sometimes, strict adherence to principles can stand in the way of common sense. ?Religions separate. Just as religions are able to bring people together, it can create a huge gap between them too- of different religions. For they all ‘believe', but they still see only the differences, and not the similarities. Sometimes, depending on the formal teachings and practices of some religions, there is a tendency to restrict free and open inquiry on a variety of subjects that include philosophy, politics, culture, medicine and the sciences in general. In place of open inquiry some religions teach that there is material (like the Bible and other writings considered sacred) that covers all that is important, for example, regarding the formation of the universe or the beginnings of humankind. Inquiry into these questions that follows a line contrary to the religion's teaching is considered not only futile but inherently bad. This disadvantage in no way applies to all religions everywhere. The rules for the new system: In order that the above mentioned disadvantages are solved,a new set of rules have been compiled. The speciality lies in the fact that ,this is not a religion yet a life philosophy. Every new religion was started to address the above issues. Yet, the basic aim is to remove the divide termed ‘religion’. The various simple rules to be followed are: ?Treat others as you would like to be treated. ?Help yourself enough so that you may best help others. ?Right thought Right speech ?Right action ?You are the planet’s keeper. ?Tell the whole truth and nothing but the truth ?Keep your agreements. ?Respect one and all. ?Never go against your own conscience. ?Never kill. Conclusion: The above system will ,in all ways prove to be an advantage. We hope that the above mentioned rules will help mankind to lead a life rich in kindness and moral values. Hoping that the above mentioned ru les address the present chaotic religious scenario , we conclude that we are not here to preach,but to patron practice. ***********************

Mistakes are Steps to Success

Many people think that mistakes just make their life miserable. But, ironically, that is not true. I always thought that making a mistake will make me regret that mistake for the rest of my life. But luckily I fell into the learning side of mistakes. Mistakes are like missions in a game, you may not die or you may die. If you die, you may learn from the mistakes that made you die in the first place. So the next time the same mission comes again you may not die because you have already learned from it. I believe that if you make a mistake, be optimistic and learn from the mistake.It makes you learn something about a situation and actually move on positively with it. When you make a mistake, it opens an automatic door to get to know yourself better. People can often learn more from a mistake than success. Some people may do the same mistake 2 or 3 times and then learn, that totally depends upon how seriously the mistake is. For example if you play with a needle, you might not get hurt the first time, but if you do it wrong the needle might poke a hole in your skin. Next time you do it you might think, NEEDLE=BAD.Sometimes we don’t realize we’re doing something bad until we get hurt and that’s usually how we learn. Everyone has made a mistake in their lives. At least just one, I mean if someone has never made a mistake, well that obviously means he/she doesn’t know anything. Why? Because mistakes are mostly the things that teach us in life. If we were perfect, nothing would make us happy, curious or even sad. I guess that’s a good thing, but that’s not true. I feel that mistakes give us more strength and make us stronger to deal with life.From my previous mistakes, I learned to never let anyone hurt me and crush my feelings, I learned to not show my emotions so much in future relationships, I learned about the kind of person I want in the future and the kind of person I don't want, I learned not to be so needy and to depen d on myself and my family for my happiness. Another false step that really taught me something was to lie to my parents. When we turn teenagers we change our path and do far worse mistakes than we do as kids.Something like that happened to me, I started to lie more and more until my parents would find out everything I lied about; I got phone and my PS3 taken away for a long time and that taught me to be truthful and honest to both of my parents so I won’t be able to suffer and have nothing in my life to entertain myself with. Some mistakes can be learned from, but few cannot. For example, if you’re teacher wants you to study on the computer and you start playing games, you might not get the second chance.Instead you probably will get a detention. I know that it is pretty hard to accept mistakes made by us but it’s easy if we can see our mistakes from a different angle. We usually think the negative thoughts about our mistakes, but we need to understand and accep t that the mistakes we do will bring big changes and make our lives distinct in some sort of way, depending on the mistake. I now realize why mistakes are also helpful and not only hurtful.

Free Essays on In The Woods With The Devil

Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown is the story of a man who was just married, Goodman Brown, and a particular night he spends in the woods. While traveling into the forest one night, Goodman Brown meets an unnamed person who looks like him so much he thinks, â€Å"they might have been taken for father and son.† As they get deeper into the forest, he soon realizes that his new friend is the devil. He tries to stop several times and insist on not going any further, but the devil tells him no and he keeps on going. While in the woods, Goodman Brown thinks that his wife Faith, is offering her soul over to the dark side. When Goodman Brown reaches out to heaven to save his wife, it is then he realizes all this was just a nightmare and soon he wakes up in the woods all alone. The central idea in the story is that faith is tempted everyday, and the devil will go to any extent to turn someone to the dark side. The main character in the story, Goodman Brown, is a simple man that comes from a very Christian family. The way both the devil and Goodman Brown are alike in appearance is significant because of the faint way the devil temps Mr. Brown. This familiarity between the two gives Mr. Brown a funny feeling of connection with the devil, thus weakening his faith. Then the devil tries to make him more comfortable by telling him of his relationship with his father and grandfather. Even though Goodman Brown’s faith looks to be strong, the devil keeps on trying to tempt him. Mr. Brown then shows his pride when he defends his family name. In the story, Mr. Brown tries to be a good man and has the will, but the skin is what is weak. The main conflict in the story is an external one. Mr. Brown is in conflict between his faith with Christianity and the temptations of the devil. Even though he seems to be a good, young Christian boy, his faith with God is put to the test when he goes into the woods that day. Goodman Brown is... Free Essays on In The Woods With The Devil Free Essays on In The Woods With The Devil Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown is the story of a man who was just married, Goodman Brown, and a particular night he spends in the woods. While traveling into the forest one night, Goodman Brown meets an unnamed person who looks like him so much he thinks, â€Å"they might have been taken for father and son.† As they get deeper into the forest, he soon realizes that his new friend is the devil. He tries to stop several times and insist on not going any further, but the devil tells him no and he keeps on going. While in the woods, Goodman Brown thinks that his wife Faith, is offering her soul over to the dark side. When Goodman Brown reaches out to heaven to save his wife, it is then he realizes all this was just a nightmare and soon he wakes up in the woods all alone. The central idea in the story is that faith is tempted everyday, and the devil will go to any extent to turn someone to the dark side. The main character in the story, Goodman Brown, is a simple man that comes from a very Christian family. The way both the devil and Goodman Brown are alike in appearance is significant because of the faint way the devil temps Mr. Brown. This familiarity between the two gives Mr. Brown a funny feeling of connection with the devil, thus weakening his faith. Then the devil tries to make him more comfortable by telling him of his relationship with his father and grandfather. Even though Goodman Brown’s faith looks to be strong, the devil keeps on trying to tempt him. Mr. Brown then shows his pride when he defends his family name. In the story, Mr. Brown tries to be a good man and has the will, but the skin is what is weak. The main conflict in the story is an external one. Mr. Brown is in conflict between his faith with Christianity and the temptations of the devil. Even though he seems to be a good, young Christian boy, his faith with God is put to the test when he goes into the woods that day. Goodman Brown is...

Empirical Action Research on Behavior Management Systems Article

Empirical Action Research on Behavior Management Systems - Article Example It was noted that there are specific collaboration characteristics which work in a positive or negative manner while the behaviors changed not only with basic management but also in terms of the relationship to collaboration with others working with the management components. The method which was used was associated with the various theories and practice which were in the workspace. Disciplinary perspectives were used and combined with case studies, projects and theoretical reviews that were associated with collaboration. The study, while using various perspectives from theories, did not have practical applications used from various corporations. When looking at the dynamics of various cultures, a noted difference would be made with the practice of behavioral management. The weakness of this article was based on not having the correct approach to the methodology while drawing conclusions based on other references and perspectives. The second article associated behavior management with newer components which were a part of the functions within the corporation, specifically with the uses of technology. This was based on how technology was able to create a direct association to the corporation while changing the behavioral responses of employees. The ideology was furthered with the question of how technology changed the dynamics with managers and the associations which each had to the work area. In this study, it was found that there was a link to the behavioral management and the uses of technology. The behavior altered according to the reliance on technology, belief of what the tools should do and the pro-active responses by managers. The behavior of managers had a direct change when there were more technology pieces which were used, as opposed to having more interactions within the work space. The relevance was

First group Bus Travel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

First group Bus Travel - Research Paper Example Use of private transportation modes leads to air pollution, traffic congestion and poor health condition of the riders due to lack of exercise. If the final goal is to reduce carbon footprint and improve the overall quality of environment and living standards, then it is very important to reduce the use of private transportation (Nillson and KÃ ¼ller, 2000). Various researchers suggest that certain behavior is exhibited by individuals because of others’ attitude towards that particular behavior and perceived norms. Assumptions suggest that behavioral pattern of using personal vehicle is discretionary in nature and can be influenced by providing the right information. With appropriate information, individuals are likely to make sustainable choices and decisions. There is evidence that signifies that willingness of people towards preferring private/public transportation mode is affected by their own assumptions as well as that of others. Certain behaviors such as choice of tran sport mode, do get influenced by altruistic attitude; that is, people can use their personal vehicle lesser if they perceive that to have a good impact on their future generation, community, and environment (The Psychologist, 2012). According to authors, people are aware of the harmful impact of excessive use of a personal vehicle on health and environment. Yet, they hardly act on it. Statistics suggest that on an average, people spend around 230 hours in a car and as little as 70 hours walking every year.